CAROUSEL 1 INTRODUCTION

1

2

Picture ADDL/Logo

3

Word slide

Small farms; 50-100 sows Large farms; 50-100 sows

Continuous-flow rearing Site-segregated rearing; 2- or 3-site

4

Word slide

Ages/stages: Suckling < 2-3 weeks; Nursery » 1-2 mo.; Grow/Fin. 3-6 mo.; Breeding/Adult > 6 mo.

5

Word slide

Outline

6

NEOPLASIA

7

Kidney

Lymphosarcoma

Multifocal renal lymphoma

All ages; multicentric or thymic

8

Kidney

Lymphosarcoma

Multifocal to coelescing renal lymphoma

LN's, thymus > liver, spleen, kidney > other

9

Head, sagittal

Lymphosarcoma

Lymphoma; mesencephalon and frontal sinuses

Space occupying mass; homogeneous white

10

Skin

Benign melanoma

Multiple cutaneous melanomas

Duroc, usually benign and heavily pigmented

11

Thoracic spine

Metastatic melanoma

Metastatic melanoma; thoracic vertebrete and spinal canal

12

Kidney

Nephroblastoma

Focal renal nephroblastoma

Young - < 1 yr old; females > males

13

Cut section

Nephroblastoma

Nephroblastoma

Occassional metastasis to liver and lungs

14

CONGENTIAL / HERIDITARY

15

Inguinal skin

Genetic, polygenic

Inguinal/scrotal hernia

16

Ventral abd. skin

Genetic, polygenic

Umbilical hernia

DDX: Sequel to omphalitis

17

abdomen

Unbilical hernia, incarcerated small intestine

18

Pig-sitting

Genetic, Landrace, polygenic

Myofibrillar hypoplasia

Syn.: Splayleg; deltoids and semitendonosis mm. most involved

19

Musc. legs

Myofibrillar hypoplasia

20

Kidney

Multiple renal cysts, hydronephrosis

21

Mammary glands

Heriditary

Inverted nipple

22

Mammary gland

Heriditary

Inverted nipple

23

Skin

Pityriasis rosea

Porcine juvenile pustular psoriasiform dermaititis

Genetic predisposition in Landrace

24

Skin

Pityriasis rosea

Porcine juvenile pustular psoriasiform dermaititis

Usually ventral abdomen

25

Pelvic canal

Genetic, unknown mode

Rectal stricture, anal atresia

26

Heart

Interventricular septal defect

Septal defects: male > females

27

Whole body

Genetic, autos. recess. Yorkshire

Arthrogryposis

DDX: In-utero Vit. A def., hog cholera, exposure to tobacco stalk, jimson weed, wild black cherry or poison hemlock

28

Front legs

Genetic, autosomal recessive

Congenital hyperostosis

29

Cut section

Genetic, autosomal recessive

Congenital hyperostosis

30

Hard palate

Genetic, Poland China

Palatoschisis

DDX: Teratogenic event mid-gestation

31

Skin-forelimb

Genetic, autosomal recessive

Epitheliogenesis imperfecta

32

Head

Neural tube defects; insult @ day 12-14 gest.

Meningoencephalocoele

33

Cranium

Cranioschisis

34

Liver

Biliary cysts

35

Foot

Syndactly

Polydactly is also rarely reported

36

Small intestine

Congenital

Persistant Meckel's diverticulum

Residual omphalomesenteric duct

37

Genital tract

XX karyotype

testes w/ uterus masculinis

38

Vulva

Male pseudohermaphrodite

Penile clitoris, clitoral enlargement

39

GENERALIZED DISEASES

Salmonella choleraesuis: Causes severe septicemia +/- concurrent pneumonia or enterocolitis in weaned and grower pigs. Multifocal hepatic necrosis (paratyphoid nodules) is a fairly consistent lesion.

40

Sick pigs

Salmonella choleraesuis

Congestion, cyanosis of skin on extremities

41

Skin, pinna

Salmonella choleraesuis

Congestion, cyanosis, ischemic necrosis; skin of ears

42

Lung

Salmonella choleraesuis

Hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia w/ interlobular edema

43

Lung

Salmonella choleraesuis

Hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia w/ interlobular edema

44

Lung

Salmonella choleraesuis

Suppurative bronchopneumonia, hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia

45

Bronch. l.n.

Salmonella choleraesuis

Hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia

46

Gastrohep. l.n.

Salmonella choleraesuis

Hemorrhage, gastrohepatic lymph node

47

Lymph node

Salmonella choleraesuis

(Lymphadenitis)

48

Tonsil

Salmonella choleraesuis

Multifocal tonsillar abscesses

DDX: Abscess - S. suis, A. pyogenes; Necrosis - PRV, HC

49

Liver

Salmonella choleraesuis

3. Multifocal hepatic necrosis, hepatic congestion

50

Liver

Salmonella choleraesuis

Multifocal hepatic necrosis

"paratyphoid nodules": multiple foci of hepatocyte necrosis first replaced by hemorrhage and fibrin, later aggre-gates of macrophages and neutrophils

51

Liver c/s

Salmonella choleraesuis

Multifocal hepatic necrosis

52

Spleen

Salmonella choleraesuis

Splenomegally, bronchopneumonia, renal cortical petechiae

Infarcts are VERY rare; spleen is soft and purple – red pulp engorged with blood and fibrin +/- necrosis

53

Kidney

Salmonella choleraesuis

Multifocal renal cortical petechiae

54

Brain

Salmonella choleraesuis

Purulent leptomenengitis

55

Stomach

Salmonella choleraesuis

Fibrinohemorrhagic gastritis, fundus

56

S.I. , Colon

Salmonella choleraesuis

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis

57

Colon

Salmonella choleraesuis

Fibrinous colitis with multifocal hemorrhage

58

Colon

Salmonella choleraesuis

Acute hemorrhagic ulcerative colitis

Button ulcers are caused by ischemic necrosis secondary to vasculitis

59

Colon

Salmonella choleraesuis

Severe chronic fibrinonecrotic ulcerative colitis (button ulcers)

DDX: S. typhimurium, S. typhisuis, Hog cholera (European swine fever)

H. parasuis can cause an acute septicemia that resembles septicemic Salmonellosis. H. parasuis more commonly causes polyserositis, polyarthritis and meningitis (Glasser’s disease) in weaned pigs. Occasionally, H. parasuis causes acute outbreaks of highly fatal fibrinosuppurative leptomeningitis in young adult replacement breeding stock shortly after entry into recipient herds.

60

Whole pig

Hemophilus parasuis

Cutaneous cyanosis and ischemic necrosis

61

Thoracic cavity

Hemophilus parasuis

Diffuse hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia, fibrinous epicarditis, hydropericardium

62

Peritoneal cavity

Hemophilus parasuis

Multifocal serosal hemorrhages

63

Kidney

Hemophilus parasuis

Glomerulonephritis

Glomeruli are filled with fibrin

64

Brain

Hemophilus parasuis

Purulent leptomenengitis

Fibrinous polyserositis: In suckling pigs: S. suis is most common. E. coli occurs when there is inadequate intake of colostrum. In weaned pigs: Differentials include H. parasuis (Glasser’s disease), S. suis and M. hyorhinis. Although all 3 can cause meningitis in weaned pigs, clinical CNS disease is usually a consistent feature in only S. suis infections.

65

Thorax, Abd.

Fibrinous polyserositis

DDX: S. suis, M. hyorhinis

66

Heart, Lungs

H. parasuis; Glasser's dis.

Fibrinous pericarditis and pleuritis

67

Lungs

H. parasuis; Glasser's dis.

Fibrinous pleuritis, bronchopneumonia

68

Hock joint

Hemophilus parasuis

Acute fibrinopurulent arthritis

69

Abdomen

H. parasuis; Glasser's dis.

Fibrous adhesions, liver and parietal peritonium

DDX: S. suis, M. hyorhinis, E. coli

Streptococcus suis: There are now 35 capsular serotypes that are described in pigs. Disease is most common in suckling and recently weaned pigs, but can occur in any age. Fibrinopurulent leptomeningitis causing CNS clinical signs and high mortality is common. Septicemia with or without fibrinous polyserositis or leptomeningitis is also common. When fibrinous polyserositis predominates, S. suis septicemia is difficult to differentiate from Glasser’s disease. In general, the amount of fibrin and the severity of peritonitis are greater with Glasser’s disease than with S. suis septicemia. Like H. parasuis, S. suis also may cause acute highly fatal outbreaks of leptomeningitis in young replacement breeding swine shortly after introduction to recipient herds.

70

Brain

Streptococcus suis

Purulent leptomenengitis

71

Lung, heart

Streptococcus suis

Fibrinous epicarditis, fibrinous pleuritis, lobular pneumonia

Interstitial pneumonia, when present with Streptococcal septicemia, is mild.

72

Lung, heart

PRRS virus

Fibrinous epicarditis, fibrinous pleuritis, interstitial pneumonia

73

Carpus

Streptococcus suis

Fibrinopurulent arthritis

74

Heart; AV valve

Streptococcus suis

Vegetative valvular endocarditis

75

Whole pig

Streptococcus suis

Multifocal cutaneous macules

76

Heart

Mycoplasma hyorhinis

Severe diffuse fibrinous epicarditis and pericarditits

E. coli (in suckling pigs)

77

Brain

E. coli

Severe purulent menengitis

Erysipelas still occurs in swine raised entirely in environmentally regulated buildings. E. rhusiopathiae causes disease in all ages. Mortality is highest and lesions are most extensive and severe in suckling and recently weaned pigs. In growing and finishing pigs, pigs may be found dead with few gross lesions – typically sparse renal cortical petechiae and a slightly enlarged speen that is firm and red or lameness may predominate with proliferative synovitis and fibrous periarthritis. Outbreaks in sows are typically associated with pyrexia, anorexia, few cutaneous infarcts and occasional abortions.

78

Skin

E. rhusiopathiae

Cutaneous infarct

79

Skin

E. rhusiopathiae

Cutaneous infarct

80

Skin

E. rhusiopathiae

Ischemic necrosis

CAROUSEL 2

1

Skin

E. rhusiopathiae

Ischemic necrosis

2

Spleen

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Splenomegally

Typically, 1.5-2X red firm spleen

3

Joint

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Acute purulent arthritis and periarticular edema

4

Joint

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Chronic proliferative synovitis and purulent arthtitis

Actinobacillus suis causes sporadic oubreaks of fulminate embolic septicemia in all ages of pigs. In suckling and recently weaned pigs, most present as acute death. Those with clinical signs have fever and multifocal cutaneous hemorrhages. Occasionally, pigs may be lame, exhibit dyspnea or have nervous signs. In finishing-age pigs, most pigs are also found dead; however, in sick pigs the primary clinical manifestation is respiratory disease characterized by pyrexia, dyspnea and cyanosis. In adults (and sometimes younger animals), disease is less often fatal and resembles erysipelas. Sick adults typically are pyretic, anorectic and depressed with raised red rhomboid skin lesions typical of erysipelas. Some adults are found dead and occasionally sows abort. Lesions in all ages are the consequence of septicemia with septic embolism. Petechial hemorrhages are diffusely distributed on serosal surfaces and a wide variety of organs including lungs, kidneys, spleen and skin. Common lesions also include necrohemorrhagic pneumonia and serofibrinous pericarditis, pleuritis and peritonitis. Less common lesions include fibrinous arthritis, rhomboid cutaneous infarcts, menengitis and myocarditis. In pneumonic lungs, affected areas of necrosis, hemorrhage and fibrin deposition are multifocal and randomly distributed, suggesting a hematogenous origin. However, these pneumonic foci may coalesce until lung lesions are grossly indistinguishable from those caused by App. Yaeger, J Vet Diag Invest, 8:381-383, 1996; Odin, Can Vet J, 34:634, 1993, Sanford et al., Can Vet J, 31:443-447, 1990; Sanford and Miniats, Can Vet J, 29:595, 1988.

5

Whole pig

Actinobacillus suis

Multifocal cutaneous infarcts

DDX: Erysipelothrix

6

Lung

Actinobacillus suis

Multifocal embolic fibrinonecrotic pneumonia

Lung lesions may coalesce and be identical to App.; septicemic lesions differentiate from App – serosal hemorrhages, cutaneous infarcts, renal hemorrhages, pericarditis, menengitis

7

Kidney

Actinobacillus suis

Multifocal renal cortical petechiae and eccymoses

8

Heart

Actinobacillus suis

Fibrinous pericarditis and epicarditis

9

Heart

Actinobacillus suis

Vegetative valvular endocarditis, tricuspid valve

DDX: S. suis, E. rhusiopathiae, E. coli, A. pyogenes, A. suis, S. equisimilis

Actinomyces pyogenes: Common isolate from swine. Usually is an environmental contaminant of wounds, causing a localized purulent infection followed by bacteremia resulting in vegetative valvular endocarditis, purulent arthritis, embolic abscessing pneumonia or other localized pyogenic infection. It is also a common opportunistic secondary pulmonary pathogen.

10

Lung

Actinomyces pyogenes

Diffuse embolic abscessing pneumonia

11

Lung c/s

Actinomyces pyogenes

Diffuse embolic abscessing pneumonia

12

Heart

Actinomyces pyogenes

Vegetative valvular endocarditis, aortic and mitral valves

13

Heart

Actinomyces pyogenes

Multifocal mural abscesses, heart

14

Kidney

Actinomyces pyogenes

Multifocal embolic nephritis and infarction

Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome: Underlying lesion is segmental vasculitis w/ or w/o thrombosis. Cause is unknown. Helie et al., Can Vet J 36:150-154,1995; Duran et al. Swine Health and Production 5:241-244, 1997 Recently, PRRS virus via immune mediated vasculitis was suggested as one cause but remains unproven. Thibault et al., Vet Pathol 35:108-116, 1998.

15

Whole pig

Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome

Multifocal cutraneous macules

16

Skin

Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome

Multifocal cutraneous macules

17

Kidney

Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome

Severe diffuse glomerulonephritis

Pseudorabies: Clinical signs and lesions vary according to age. In suckling pigs, mortality is high and is associated with nervous clinical signs, encephalomyelitis and multifocal necrosis in the parenchyma of organs. In nursery, growing, finishing and adult swine, mortality is lower and is associated with respiratory clinical disease and lesions. CNS clinical signs are less common, although microscopic lesions in the CNS are common.

18

Neonatal pigs

(Aujeszky’s Disease)

Tremors, head tilt, ataxia, sternal recumbancy

19

Palantine tonsil

Tonsillar hemorrhage

20

Palantine tonsil

Pseudorabies

Tonsillar necrosis

21

Liver

Multifocal hepatic necrosis or miliary hepatic necrosis

22

Spleen

Multifocal splenic necrosis or miliary splenic necrosis

23

Snout

Vesiculoulcerative nasal dermatitis

24

Nasal cavity

Fibrinonecrotic rhinitis

25

Larynx

Fibrinonecrotic laryngotracheitis

26

Lung

Interstitial pneumonia with multifocal hemorrhage

PRRS: Recent review article: Rossow, Vet Pathol 35:1-20, 1998; Consistent gross lesions are in lungs and lymph nodes only. Microscopic lesions: interstitial pneumonia with aggregates of necrotic alveolar macrophages in alveoli, lymphoid necrosis followed by nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, lympho-plasmacytic myocarditis and mild nonsuppurative encephalitis. Differential for lympho-plasmacytic myocarditis in aborted or suckling pigs includes porcine parvovirus. Bolt et al. J Comp Path 117:107-118, 1997.

27

Whole pig

PRRS

Cutaneous hyperemia

.

28

Lung

PRRS

Mild interstitial pneumonia

29

Lung

PRRS

Severe interstitial pneumonia

30

Caudel abdomen

PRRS

Enlarged iliac lymph nodes

31

Lymph nodes

PRRS

Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia

32

Sow head

PRRS

Cutaneous cyanosis, ears and snout

33

Fetuses

PRRS

Stillborn fetuses

Lesions are most consistent in lung (interstitial pneumonia w/ necrotizing bronchiolitis) and lymphoid organs (granulomatous inflammation with or without characteristic intracytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies in macrophage). Less consistent lesions include interstitial nephritis, hepatitis (with hepatic atrophy and/or icterus) and segmental vasculitis in a number of organs Ellis et al., Can Vet J 39:44-51, 1998; Kiupel et al., Vet Pathol 35:303-307, 1998

34

Lung

PMWS

Interstitial pneumonia

35

Lung

PMWS

Interstitial pneumonia with lobular atalectasis

36

Inguinal lymph node

PMWS

Inguinal lymphadenopathy

37

Colonic lymph node

PMWS

Nodular lymphadenopathy, colonic lymph nodes

38

Histo. l.n.

PMWS

Globular "botryoid" intracytoplasmic inclusions in macrophages

39

Histo. l.n.

PMWS

Inclusion bodies stain with Fuelgen stain for DNA

40

Histo. l.n.

PMWS

Inclusion bodies stain immuno-histochemically with anti-PCV antibody

41

E.M. l.n.

PMWS

High magnification of inclusion; paracrystalline arrays of 15-17 nm viral particles

42

Kidney

PMWS

Renomegally, severe diffuse interstitial nephritis

43

Liver

PMWS

Icterus, lobular hemorrhage and hepatic atrophy

44

Skin and subcutis

PMWS

Icterus

Hog Cholera (European Swine Fever): Acute virulent form: Pigs are pyretic with cutaneous cyanosis, conjunctivitis, anorexia, constipation followed by severe diarrhea ("cholera"), convulsions and death. Lesions include peripheral hemorrhage of lymph nodes, tonsillar necrosis, spenic infarcts, serosal hemorrhages, button ulcers in colon. Subacute form: pyrexia, diarrhea, low mortality with few gross lesions. Reproductive form: mummified, stillborn and weakborn pigs, congential tremors, cerebellar hypo or aplasia (underlined are lesions that help differentiate from existing US diseases). Not currently in North America

45

Head/eye

Hog cholera

Conjunctivitis

46

Colon

Hog cholera

Multifocal ulcerative colitis (button ulcers)

DDX: S. choleraesuis, typhimurium or typhisuis

47

Kidney

Hog cholera

Renal cortical petechia

48

Mes. l.n.

Hog cholera

Peripheral hemorrhagic lymphadenitis

49

Tonsil

Hog cholera

Multifocal tonsillar necrosis

DDX: Pseudorabies

50

Spleen

Hog cholera

Multifocal splenic infarcts

Hallmark lesion of HC

51

Brain

Hog cholera

Cerebellar aplasia

Hallmark lesion of HC; congenital tremors

52

Fetuses

Hog cholera

Fresh and autolyzed stillborn fetuses

African Swine Fever: Acute form: High fever, terminal bloody diarrhea and death. Consistent lesions include hemorrhage and necrosis of lymphoid organs, hemorrhages on serosal surfaces, renal cortical, medullary and pelvic hemorrhage and hydropericardium and hydrothorax. Subacute form: Less fatal with hemorrhagic lymph nodes, speen and kidneys. Chronic form: lymphoid hyperplasia, fibrous pleuritis and pericarditis, and pneumonia. Not currently in North America.

53

Kidney, renal l.n.

African swine fever

Perirenal edema, renal cortical petechiae, hemorrhage of renal l.n.

54

Kidney

African Swine Fever

medullary hemorrhage

55

Renal l.n.

African Swine Fever

Hemorrhagic and necrotic renal lymphnodes

56

Spleen

African Swine Fever

Splenic hemorrhage and necrosis

57

Heart

African Swine Fever

Hydropericardium

58

Whole body

African Swine Fever

Bloody diarrhea

A terminal event caused by DIC and thrombocytopenia Gomez-Villamandos et al., J Comp Path 118:1-13 & 119:111-119, 1998

59

GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM

60

Oral cavity

Laceration

Multifocal necroulcerative gingivitis and chelitis

Caused by careless trimming of "milk" or "needle" teeth

61

Oral cavity

T-2 toxin

Necroulcerative gingivitis and stomatitis

62

Esophagus

Candida albicans

Diffuse pseudomembranous esophagitis (fibrinonecrotic)

63

Stomach

Candida albicans

Pseudomembranous gastritis (fibrinonecrotic)

64

Word slide

risk factors

Risk factors: gender (barrows), genotype, season (summer), particle size of feed, anorexia (concurrent disease), Gastrospirillum sp.? Vet Path 32:134-139 Helicobacter sp. ? Queiroz et al., Gastroenterology 111:19-27, 1996.

65

Oral mucous membrane

Gastric ulcer

Anemia

"bleach outs"

66

Stomach, Colon

Gastric ulcer

Gastric hemorrhage, gastric ulcer-esophageal portion, digested blood in colon

67

Stomach

Gastric ulcer

Gastric hemorrhage, gastric ulcer-esophageal portion

68

Esophagus

Gastric ulcer w/ reflux

Esophageal perforation, necrotizing esophagitis

69

Stomach

Multiple gastric ulcers, fundic portion

70

Stomach

Hyostrongylus rubidus

Gastric nematodiasis, Hyostrongylus rubidus

71

Small intestine

Normal

2 day old pig; V:C = 10:1. Villus/crypt normally decreases as gut is colonized by microflora. V:C = 4-6:1 by 3-4 weeks-of-age.

72

Small intestine

Normal

Chyle in the lymphatics. Pigs suckle » every hour. The stomach should always contain milk. Lymphatics in the proximal ½ of the s.i. in a normal suckling pig should have chyle.

73

ETEC

Hemolytic or non-hemolytic, small intestine only, colonize via fimbria: suckling pigs - K88, K99, 987P, F41; weaned pigs - K88, F18ac (2134P), fluid accumulates due to enterotoxins: LT adenylate cyclase – cAMP, STa & Stb guanylate cyclase - guanosine monophosphate

74

Word slide EPEC

AAEC - attaching and effacing E. coli, uncommon in 1-6 week old pigs, "classic AE lesion", small and large intestine, attach by eae gene product - 94 Kd protein "intimin", verotoxin negative

75

Small intestine

Colibacillosis; E. coli

Enteritis

Fluid distention, congestion

76

Small intestine

Colibacillosis; E. coli

Enteritis

Homogeneous fluid contents

77

Small intestine

Colibacillosis; E. coli

Enteritis

Homogeneious bloody fluid contents

78

Small intestine

Colibacillosis; E. coli

Hpth.

Uniform colonization of the brush border

79

Small intestine

AAEC

Hpth.

Colonization and degeneration of villous enterocytes; "cobblestone" appearance of brush border

80

Word slide Atrophic enteritis

Less likely differentials: chlamydia, adenovirus, enteric calicivirus, astrovirus, parvovirus.

CAROUSEL 3

1

Small intestine

TGE virus

Atrophic enteritis

Severe villous atrophy; V:C =2:1

2

Small intestine

TGE virus

Atrophic enteritis

Lack of chyle absorption

3

Small intestine

TGE virus

Atrophic enteritis

Thin wall; maldigestion

4

Small intestine

Coccidiosis; Isospora suis

Catarrhal enteritis

5

Small intestine

Coccidiosis; Isospora suis

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis

6

Small intestine

Coccidiosis; Isospora suis

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis

Pseudomembrane; yellow, easily removed from mucosa. DDX: Subacute C. perfringens type C

7

Small intestine

Coccidiosis; Isospora suis

Hpth.

Schizonts and merozoites in enterocytes

8

Small intestine

Adenovirus

IN inclusions in enterocytes; mild villous atrophy

9

Perinium

C. perfringens type C

Bloody diarrhea

Usually 1-4 days-of-age

10

Small intestine

C. perfringens type C

Acute necrohemorrhagic enteritis

Segmental, usually small intestine

11

Small intestine

C. perfringens type C

subserosal emphysema

12

Intestines

C. perfringens type C

Necrohemorrhaic colitis with subserosal emphysema

Unusual location

13

Small intestine

C. perfringens type C

Subacute transmural necrohemorrhagic enteritis

Subacute disease in 1-2 week-old pigs; partial protection from lactogenic immunity

14

Word slide

C. perfringens type A

Putative cause of diarrhea in pigs 1-4 days of age; high morbidity, low mortality; no gross or microscopic lesions; overgrowth in intestinal contents

15

Thorax and abdomen

C. difficile

Lobular atalectasis; Lobular pneumonia

Waters et al., J Vet Diagn Inves 10:104-108, 1998

16

Colon

C. difficile

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic colitis

1-14 days old; also with ascites, subcutaneous edema, diarrhea

17

Colon; hpth

C. difficile

Multifocal erosive colitis with marked fibrinosuppurative exudation

18

Word slide

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Lawsonia intracellularis, obligate intracellular bacteria, Koch’s postulates fufilled see J Clin Microbiol 31:1136-1142; Swine Health and Production 1: 24-25

19

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Proliferative branched crypts

20

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Intracellular curved rod-shaped bacteria

21

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Mesenteric lymphadenitis

22

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Proliferative enteritis

Syn.: Porcine intestinal adenomatosis

23

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Proliferative enteritis

24

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis

Syn.: Necrotic enteritis

25

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis with intraluminal cast

26

Colon

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Fibrinonecrotic colitis

Often involves proximal 1/3 of the spiral colon

27

Perineum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Bloody diarrhea

28

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Fibrinohemorrhagic (proliferative) enteritis

Syn: Proliferative Hemorrhagic Enteropathy (PHE)

29

Ileum

Porcine proliferative enteritis

Fibrinohemorrhagic proliferative enteritis

30

Word slide

Serpulina sp. in swine

5 species of Serpulina in swine: Strongly b hemolytic - S. hyodysenteriae (Swine Dysentery); Weakly b hemolytic – S. pilosicoli (Intestinal Spirochetosis); S. innocens, S. intermedia and S. murdochii (all 3 are nonpathogenic). Lee et al., Vet Microbiol, 34:273-285, 1993; Stanton et al., Int J System Bact, 47:1007-1012, 1997.

31

Colonic mucosal scraping

Stained with Victorian Blue stain

Serpentine spirochetes typical of Serpulina sp.

Serpulina species cannot be differentiated based on morphology at a LM level. Even when present with microscopic lesions typical of disease, positive identification by culture or PCR is needed to confirm a diagnosis.

32

Colonic mucosa

Silver stained section

Mats of serpentine spirochetes in colonic crypt.

33

Colon

Swine dysentery

Catarrhal colitis

Serpulina hyodysenteriae

34

Colon

Swine dysentery

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic and hemorrhagic colitis

35

Colon

Swine dysentery

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic and hemorrhagic colitis

36

Word slide

Serpulina pilosicoli

Weaned to adult animals, a mild catarrhal or fibrinous colitis with a loose "wet-cement-like" stool. S. pilosicoli transiently colonizes the surface of colonic mucosa creating a "false brush border" . Lesions are commonly of a mild superficial erosive colitis with goblet cell hyperplasia and mats of serpentine spirochetes in crypts. Trott et al., Int J Sys Bact 46 (1): 206-215, 1996; Trott et al. Infec Immun 64:4648-4654, 1996; Thomson et al., Infec Immun 65:3693-3700, 1996

37

Colon

Colonic spirochetosis

Mild diffuse erosive colitis

38

Colon

Colonic spirochetosis

Mild diffuse fibrinocatarrhal colitis

39

Colon

Multiple causes

Colitis cystica

Abscessed lymphoglandular complexes. A nonspecific lesion.

40

Ileum, colon

Salmonella typhimurium

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis

41

Colon

Salmonella typhimurium

Multifocal to coelescing fibrinonecrotic colitis

42

Colon

Salmonella typhimurium

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic colitis

43

Whole body

Salmonella typhimurium

Abdominal distention

44

Colon

Salmonella typhimurium

Megacolon

DDX: Lupin meal intoxication

45

Rectum

Salmonella typhimurium

Rectal stricture

DDX: Sequel to rectal prolapse

46

Rectum

Rectal prolapse

Risk factors: genetic (Yorkshire), piling in cold weather, coughing, estrogenic mycotoxins (gilts)

47

Colon

Salmonella typhisuis

Severe chronic fibrinonecrotic ulcerative colitis

DDX: "button ulcers" in colon: Salmonella choleraesuis, typhimurium or typhisuis, Hog cholera.

48

Cecum

Trichuris suis; whipworms

Catarrhal typhlitis with many Trichuris suis

May cause colitis for ~ 1 week before emergence of adults; may be catarrhal, necrotic or necrohemorrhagic

49

Abdomen

Inguinal hernia

Inguinal hernia with intestinal incarceration and infarction

50

Small intestine

Small intestinal volvulus and infarction

51

Colon

Colocecal volvulus

52

Colon

Gastric ulcer

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage

53

Small intestine

Gastric ulcer

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage

54

Small intestine

Gastric ulcer

Mucosal congestion, small intestine

55

Small intestine

Hypervitaminosis D

Serosal mineralization, small intestine

56

Thoracic l.n.

Tuberculosis, M. avium

Granulomatous lymphadenitis

DDX: Rhodococcus equi ? Madarame et al., J Comp Path 119:397-405, 1998

57

Mesenteric l.n.

Tuberculosis, M. avium

Granulomatous lymphadenitis with mineralization

58

Small intestine

Ascaris suum, roundworms

Small intestinal ascariasis

59

Small intestine

Macrocanthyrhynchus sp.

Intestinal acanthocephalidiasis with a fibrous mucosal nodule

60

Liver

Pseudorabies

Multifocal hepatic necrosis

Suckling pigs: DDX: Multifocal septic hepatitis caused by S. equisimilus or Listeria monocytogenes

61

Liver

Salmonella choleraesuis

Multifocal hepatic necrosis

62

Liver

Ascaris suum larval migrans

Chronic multifocal interstitial hepatitis (milk spots)

63

Liver

S. dentatus larval migrans

Severe chronic interstitial hepatitis

64

Word slide

Toxic hepatopathy

DDX: Xanthium sp. (Cocklebur), Gossypol, Hepatosis dietetica (Vit. E, Se def.), Coal Tar, Aflatoxin (> 1200ppm), Fumonosin (>80ppm)

65

Liver

Vitamin E/Selenium defeciency

Diffuse hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage

Hepatosis dietetica

66

Liver c/s

Vitamin E/Selenium defeciency

Diffuse hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage

Hepatosis dietetica

67

Liver

Xanthium sp. toxicosis (Cocklebur)

Diffuse hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage

Dicotyledon stage is toxic

68

Liver c/s

Xanthium sp. toxicosis (Cocklebur)

Diffuse hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage

69

Liver

Aflatoxicosis

Hepatic lipidosis, cholestasis

Atrophy?

70

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Bacterial: M. hyopneumoniae, A. pleuropneumoniae, B. bronchiseptica, S. choleraesuis, A. suis

Bacterial: P. multocida, S. suis, H. parasuis, A. pyogenes, others…..

71

Lung

Normal

Pliable, pink and collapsed

72

Head

Atrophic rhinitis

Atrophic rhinitis

73

Nasal cavity

Atrophic rhinitis

Nasal turbinate atrophy, nasal septal deviation

Poor growth: Ackermann et al., AJVR 57:848-851, 1996; Gwaltney et al., Vet Pathol 34:430-430, 1997.

74

Nasal mucosa

Inclusion body rhinitis, Porcine cytomegalovirus

Cytomegalic viral inclusions in tubular glands of the nasal mucosa

Usually in pigs < 3 weeks of age

75

Trachea

Cilia-associated resp. bacillis; silver stain

No gross lesions

Nietfeld et al., J Vet Diagn Inves, 7:338-342, 1995.

76

77

Snout

Pseudorabies

Vessiculo-ulcerative nasal dermatitis

78

Nasal cavity

Pseudorabies

Severe diffuse fibrinonecrotic rhinitis

DDX: Bordetella bronchiseptica

79

Larynx, Trachea

Pseudorabies

Fibrinonecrotic laryngotracheitis

80

Lung

Pseudorabies

Hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia

May be very mild without hemorrhage

CAROUSEL 4

1

Trachea

Swine influenza

Submucosal hematoma, trachea

2

Lung

Swine influenza

Diffuse intersitial pneumonia with lobular atalectasis

"checkerboard pattern"

3

Lung

Swine influenza and P. multocida

Interstitial pneumonia, broncho-pneumonia, focal fibrinous pleuritis

4

Lung

Swine influenza

Diffuse interstitial pneumonia with multifocal hemorrhage

5

Lung

Porcine Respiratory Corona Virus (PRCV)

Diffuse interstitial pneumonia

Most are subclinical, few produce gross lesions

6

Lung

PMWS

Severe diffuse interstitial pneumonia with lobular atalectasis

Porcine Circovirus-like virus (?)

7

Lung

PRRS virus

Severe diffuse interstitial pneumonia

8

Lung

Swine influenza and PRRSV

(Severe proliferative interstitial pneumonia)

Proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia; Can Vet J 35(8): 513-515, 1994

9

Lung

S. choleraesuis

Severe diffuse hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia

10

Lung

H. parasuis

Severe diffuse hemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia

11

Liver

Ascaris suum larval migrans

Diffuse interstitial pneumonia with multifocal hemorrhage; multifocal interstitial hepatitits (mild spots)

12

Lung c/s

Ascaris suum larval migrans

Diffuse interstitial pneumonia with multifocal hemorrhage

13

Lung

A. suis

Multifocal embolic fibrinonecrotic pneumonia

14

Lung

Actinomyces pyogenes

Embolic abscessing pneumonia

15

Lung

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Catarrhal bronchointerstitial pneumonia

Mucus predominates in exudates within airways in mycoplasmosis

16

Lung; c.s.

"Enzootic pneumonia"

Mycoplasmosis with secondary bacteria: P. multocida, S. suis, H. parasuis, A. pyogenes

17

Lung

"Enzootic pneumonia"

Bronchopneumonia with localized fibrinous pleuritis

Secondary bacteria is "pleuritic" P. multocida

18

Lung

"Primary" + "secondary"

Purulent bronchopneumonia

19

Lung

Actinomyces pyogenes

Purulent bronchopneumonia with abscessation

20

Lung

P. multocida

Bronchopneumonia with localized fibrinous pleuritis

Ruptured abscess

21

Lung

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Necrohemorrhagic bronchopneumonia

Sometimes have localized fibrinous pleuritis

22

Lung c/s

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Chronic necrotizing bronchopneumonia

23

Lung

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Chronic necrotizing bronchopneumonia

24

Head

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Epistaxis

25

Lung

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Diffuse fibrinohemorrhagic pleuropneumonia

DDX for fibrinonecrotic pleuro-pneumonia: A. pleuropneumonia, A. suis, S. suis and S. choleraesuis

26

Lung c/s

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Severe diffuse necrohemorrhagic pneumonia

27

Lung c/s

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Severe fibrinohemorrhagic bronchopneumonia

28

Lung

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Severe fibrinohemorrhagic pleuropneumonia

Distribution tends to be dorsal (hilar)

29

Lung; pericardium

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

2. Fibrinous peri- and epicarditis

Endotoxemia can cause sterile epicarditis

30

Lung

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Unilateral fibrinohemorrhagic pleuropneumonia

Distribution may be unilateral; right lung is more commonly affected

31

Lung

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Multifocal pulmonary sequestra

May cavitate or form abscesses

32

Lung

Streptococcus suis

Severe fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia with hemorrhage

Reams et al., J Vet Diagn Inves, 7:406-408, 1995

33

Thorax

Fusarium moniliforme

Gumprecht et al., Env Tox Path 26:777-778, 1998

34

Lung

Fumonosin toxicity

Severe pulmonary edema

DDX: Vit. E/Se deficiency; Vegetative valvular endocarditis Þ heart failure

35

Lung

Metastrongylus elongatus

Lobular emphysema, margins of diaphragmatic lobes

Lungworm

36

Lung

Metastrongylus elongatus

Catarrhal bronchitis, lobular atalectasis

Lungworm

37

Abd., Thorax

Congenital, acquired

Diaphragmatic hernia

Vitamin E

38

Lung, Liver

Congenital

Pulmonary and hepatic melanosis

DDX: Metastatic melanoma; lung and liver

39

Lung

CO intoxication

Pulmonary edema; carboxyhemaglobinemia

40

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

41

Heart

Mulberry heart, Vit.E/Se def.

Multifocal myocardial hemorrhage and necrosis

DDX: EMC viral myocarditis (multifocal necrosis and mineralization, not hemorrhage)

42

Heart

Mulberry heart, Vit.E/Se def.

Multifocal transmural myocardial hemorrhage

DDX: septicemia

43

Heart

Gossypol toxicity

Hydropericardium and fibrinous epicarditis

DDX: Vit E/Se def.; Bacterial epicarditis

44

Heart and lungs

S. suis

Fibrinous epicarditis and pericarditis; severe interstitial pneumonia with mild fibrinous pleuritis

DDX: Hemophilus parasuis, Myco-plasma hyorhinis, E. coli, (A. suis)

45

Heart

S. suis

Vegetative mural endocarditis, right ventricle

Sequelae: localized thrombosis, septic emboli and abscessation or infarction to lungs or myocardium, kidneys, etc.

46

Heart

A. pyogenes

Thrombosis, right ventricle

Secondary to vegetative valvular endocarditis

47

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

48

Snout, foot

Foot and Mouth disease

Vessiculo-ulcerative nasal dermatitis, necrosis of the coronary band

DDX Vessicular diseases: SVD (Entero), VE (Calici), VS (Rhabdo)

49

Foot

Foot and Mouth disease

Necro-ulcerative pododermatitis or necrosis and separation, coronary band

DDX: Can be a sequel to severe septicemia

50

Nose

Bull nose, F. necrophorum

Necrotizing cellulitis, nose

51

Head

Exudative epidermitis, S. hyicus

Focal exudative facial dermatitis

"milk or needle" teeth not removed

52

Body

Exudative epidermitis, S. hyicus

Diffuse exudative dermatitis

53

Snout

Exudative epidermitis, S. hyicus

Exudative nasal dermatitis

54

Foot

Exudative epidermitis, S. hyicus

Exudative pododermatitis, coronary band

Secondary to wounds at the coronary band from poor flooring material

55

Skin

Erysipelas

Multifocal cutaneous infarction

DDX: A. suis

56

Skin

Dermatitis and nephrophathy syndrome

Multifocal hemorrhagic cutaneous macules

May present as poorly defined macules, clearly defined macules or infarcts.

57

Skin, pinna

Ear biting, fighting or vice

Multifocal cutaneous lacerations, pinna

58

Skin, pinna

Ear biting or vasculitis

Cutaneous ischemic necrosis, infarcts, dry gangrene; pinna

Ear necrosis

59

Skin, pinna

Frostbite

Acute cutaneous infaction, bilateral, pinna, abrupt demarcation from normal skin

Ear notches on the tip of the right ear are for identification and were present prior to the lesion

60

Skin, pinna

Frostbite

Acute necrosis, skin and subcutis.

61

Tail

Tail biting, vice

Necrosis, tail

62

Navel

Bacterial wound contamination

Necrotizing omphalitis

Leads to septicemia or polyarthritis: A. pyogenes, Strep. sp.

63

Umbilicus

Actinomyces pyogenes

Umbilical abscess or abscessing omphalophlebitis

64

Skin

Borellia suis; Spirochetal granuloma

Chronic cutaneous ulcer

65

Skin

Dermatophytosis (Ringworm)

Hyperkeratotic dermatitis and focal alopecia

66

Skin

Arthropod bites

Multifocal cutaneous hemorrhagic macules or multifocal necrohemorrhagic dermatitis

Infestation of underfloor manure storage pits with mosquitoes or other flying arthropods

67

Ear

Mange (Scabies)

Hyperkeratotic dermatitis, pinna

Sarcoptes scabei var. suis

68

Body

Swine pox

Multifocal proliferative dermatitis (pox)

Distribution follows lice habitat

69

Skin

Hematopinus suis (lice)

Pediculosis

70

Skin

H. suis, Swine pox

Pediculosis (nits) and multifocal proliferative dermatitis

71

Skin, head

Swine pox

central necrosis (pox)

72

Skin

Swine pox

Multifocal proliferative dermatitis (dermal nodules)

Nodules are darker on pigmented skin

73

Skin, pinna

Swine pox

Multifocal proliferative and ulcerative dermatitis (pox)

May appear mostly ulceratve

74

Whole body

Zinc defeciency; Parakeratosis

Severe diffuse hyperkeratotic dermatitis

DDX: Chronic solar dermatitis (sunburn)

75

NERVOUS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS

76

Word slide

Viral encephalitis

DDX: Pseudorabies, Enterovirus, HEV (coronavirus), EEE virus, Rabies, Para-myxovirus (Blue eye)[FAD], Hog Cholera [FAD], PRRS virus, EMC virus, Cytomegalovirus.

77

Brain

Bacterial menengitis

Purulent meningitis

DDX: S. suis, H. parasuis, E. coli, S. choleraesuis, A. suis, M. hyorhinis

78

Pons

Bacterial menengitis

Purulent meningitis, abscessed left trapezoid body (origin of VII, VIII)

Exudate gravitates to ventral brain stem; infection MAY extend via C.N. VIII from otitis media/interna.

79

Middle ear

Otitis media

Purulent otitis media

DDX: A. pyogenes, P. multocida, M. hyorhinis Morita et al., AJVR 59:869-873, 1998

80

Occipital cortex

Actinomyces pyogenes

Abcess, left occipital cortex

CAROUSEL 5

1

Word slide

Edema disease

ETEEC - enterotoxemic E. coli: hemolytic colony types, somatic serotypes O139, O141 and O142, colonizes the S.I. via F18ab (F107) or K88 fimbria, secretes shiga-like toxin II variant (SLTIIvar) that induces characteristic systemic angiopathy. In the brain, lesions are most often in the brain stem.

2

Eyelid

Edema disease

Palpebral edema

3

Stomach, S.I.

Edema disease

Edema of gastric mucosa and mesentery

4

Stomach

Edema disease

Gastric submucosal edema

5

Colon

Edema disease

Edema of mesocolon

6

Brain

Edema disease

Vasculopathy; mural degeneration, mural and perivascular edema.

MacLeod et al., Vet Pathol, 28:66-73, 1991; Kausche et al., AJVR, 53:281-287, 1992.

7

Brain

Harding's cerebrospinal angiopathy

Nodular arteritis with leptomenengitis

Middle cerebral artery

8

Brain

Harding's cerebrospinal angiopathy

Arteritis, periarteritis, necrosis of brain

9

Brain

Harding's cerebrospinal angiopathy

Focal hemorrhage and malacia (infarct), basal ganglia

10

Brain

Water deprivation / salt intoxication

Cerebrum; edema, laminar necrosis, eosinophilic leptomeningitis

11

Brain

Water deprivation / salt intoxication

Cerebrum; eosinophilic leptomeningitis

12

Pig, sitting

Peripheral nerves: organic arsinical intoxication, sciatic damage from injections

13

Lumbar cord

Enterovirus poliomyelitis

Lymphoplasmacytic poliomyelitis, lumbar cord

14

Lumbar S.C.

Selenium toxicosis

Bilateral poliomyelomalacia (ventral horns)

15

Thoracic spine

Actinomyces pyogenes

Paravertebral/vertebral abscess, thoracic spine

16

Spine

Actinomyces pyogenes

Purulent discospondylitis, ankylosing spondylosis

17

Spine

Actinomyces pyogenes

Fracture, hemorrhage

18

Intervert. Disc

Degenerative disc disease

Rupture of nucleus pulposis

Can lead to fibrocart. emboli - ischemic necrosis of spinal cord

19

Sitting pig

Sciatic nerve damage

Posterior hemiparesis, necrotic pododermatitis

20

Sciatic nerve

Sciatic nerve damage

Abscess and necrosis surrounding the sciatic nerve

Injection site trauma/infection

21

Skeleton

Ischial epiphysiolysis

Dyschondroplasia of the ischial physis

22

Ischium

Ischial epiphysiolysis

Ischial epiphysiolysis, muscular hemorrhage

23

Muscle

Trauma

Muscular necrosis and hemorrhage

24

Femur

Lactogenic osteoporosis

Overriding midshaft femoral fracture

25

Coxofem. joint

Actinomyces pyogenes

Abscessed coxofemoral joint

27

Foot, suckling pig

Abrasion, opportunistic bact.

Pododermal abrasions, polyarthritis of the digits

28

Suckling pig

Abrasion, opportunistic bact.

Multiple cutaneous abrasions, carpal arthritis

29

Carpal joint suckling pig

Streptococcus equisimilis

Chronic arthritis and periarthritis, carpo-phlangeal joint

DDX: A. pyogenes, E. coli, S. suis

30

Stifle joint, weaned pig

Hemophilus parasuis

Fibrinous arthritis, stifle

31

Coxofem. Joint

Mycoplasma hyosynoviae

Serofibrinous arthritis, coxofemoral joint

32

Stifle joint

Erysipelas rhusiopathiae

Proliferative synovitis,

33

Tibiotarsal jt.

Actinomyces pyogenes

Physeal abscess

34

Humeral head

Osteochondrosis

Epiphiseal subarticular osteonecrosis

Ischemic necrosis of the articular epiphyseal cartilage complex

35

Humerus

Osteochondrosis

Osteochondritis dessicans, degenerative joint disease

Onset of lameness typically ³ 4 months-of-age

36

Stifle joint

Trauma

Rupture of anterior cruciate, articular hemorrhage

37

Hock joint

Trauma, recumbancy

Hygroma, plantar surface, hock

38

Cervical region

Anthrax, B. anthracis

Cellulitis, ventral neck

DDX: Clostridial infections or S. porcinus retropharyngeal lymphadentitis

39

Cervical region

Clostridium septicum

Cellulitis, ventral neck

40

Left rear leg

Clostridium septicum

Severe acute cellulitis, left rear leg

41

Cervical mm.

Clostridium septicum

Severe diffuse necrotizing and emphysematous myositis

42

Whole body

Porcine stress syndrome

Tetany

DDX: Tetanus

43

Epaxial mm.'s

Porcine stress syndrome

Acute muscular necrosis, epaxial muscles

"PSE" pork

44

UROGENITAL SYSTEM

45

Mammary glands

Mammary edema

Severe diffuse mammary edema

DDX for bacterial mastitis: Klebsiella sp., E. coli, Citrobacter sp.

46

Ovary

Inactive ovary

47

Ovary

Active ovary

Regressing C L, multiple Graafian follicles

48

Uterus, ovaries

Follicular cysts

Multiple follicular cysts

49

Vulva

Normal

50

Vulva

Estrogenic mycotoxins: Zeralenone (Fusarium roseum)

Vulvar swelling (edema)

Vulvovaginitis ® vulvar and rectal prolapse; leuteotropic ® anestrus, pseudopreg; DDX: estrus

51

Uterus

Staphlococcus aureus

Fibrinohemorrhagic necrotizing metritis

Can you tell this from intestine?

52

Uterus

Staphlococcus aureus

Fibrinohemorrhagic necrotizing metritis

53

Placenta

Normal

Individual placentas

54

Placenta

Incidental finding

Placental mineralization

55

Uterus

Actinomyces pyogenes

Pyometria

Bladder helps to tell this is uterus

56

Placenta

Bacterial placentitis

Acute ulcerative placentitis

57

Fetal lung

Nocardia asteroides

Diffuse bronchopneumonia

58

Fetal skin

Dermal mucoromycosis

Multifocal necrotizing dermatitis

DDX: Streptomyces sp., Aspergillus

59

Uterus

Porcine parvovirus

Multiple intrauterine mummified fetuses

60

Fetuses

PRRS virus

Fresh and partially mummified near-term fetuses

61

Fetus

Carbon monoxide intoxication

Carboxyhemoglobinemia

62

Penis

Paraphimosis

Paraphimosis

63

Penis

Fibrinonecrotic posthitis

Fibrinonecrotic posthitis

64

Line drawing

b=preputial diverticulum

65

Whole body

Vice &/or mixed bacterial infections

Preputial diverticulitis

66

Preput. divertic.

Mixed bacterial infections

Chronic necro-ulcerative preputial diverticulitis

67

Testicle

Traumatic orchitis

Testicular enlargement, unilateral orchitis

68

Testicle

Trauma

Severe diffuse necrotizing orchitis

Brucella suis is rare, causes multifocal test. Abscesses

69

Kidney

African Swine Fever

Renal cortical petechiae

DDX: S. choleraesuis, Hog cholera, Erysipelas, S. suis, A. suis, H. parasuis

70

Kidney

Streptococcus suis

Multifocal renal abscesses (necrosis)

DDX: A. pyogenes, A. suis, E. coli

71

Kidney

Actinomyces pyogenes

Multifocal renal abscesses

Embolic nephritis

72

Kidney

A. pyogenes

Multiple renal infarcts

73

Urinary tract

Eubacterium suis

Bilateral pyoureter and pyelonephritis

DDX: E. coli, Klebsiellae sp. Streptococcal sp.

74

Kidney

Actinomyces pyogenes

Severe chronic pyelonephritis

75

Kidney

Vitamin D intoxication

Diffuse renal mineralization

76

Kidney

Ochratoxin, Citrinin

Severe diffuse renal fibrosis

Citrinin – Penicillium citrinin

77

Kidney

Amaranthus sp. (pigweed)

Severe perirenal edema

78

Kidney

Amaranthus sp. (pigweed)

hemorrhage

79